ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a common serious metabolic illness occurring worldwide that may lead to male infertility. Various plants have been used in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, the effect of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seed extract on fasting blood sugar is assessed for its protective effect on histopathological changes in the ventral prostate gland of streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats. Fifty adult male Wistar rats were randomly selected into five groups. Group 1 was the control placebo group where rats received only 0.1 mL normal saline via gastric gavages. Rats in Group 2 received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ 60 mg/kg body weight and those with FBS >250 mg/dL were considered diabetic. In Group 3, diabetic rats received insulin (3 U/100 g body weight) while in Groups 4 and 5 diabetic rats received 0.1 ml of 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively of an ethanol extract of Lepidium sativum seeds by gavage daily. The prostate was removed and weighed before transfer to Bouins solution for histological studies. Administration of the 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of Lepidium sativum seed extract increased epithelium height and decreased interstitial volume density and fibromuscular thickness of the prostate significantly. Also, the volume density of the epithelium, fibro muscular, lumen, and interstitial tissues were changed significantly. The results suggest that Lepidium sativum seed extract has beneficial effects as a protective agent against the detrimental effects of diabetes on the reproductive system of diabetic male rats.
La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad metabólica común y grave que ocurre en todo el mundo y que puede conducir a la infertilidad masculina. Se han utilizado varias plantas en el tratamiento de la diabetes. En este estudio se evalúa el efecto del extracto de semilla de Lepidium sativum sobre los niveles de azúcar en sangre, en ayunas, por su efecto protector sobre los cambios histopatológicos en la próstata ventral, de ratas diabéticas inducidas por estreptozotocina (STZ). Cincuenta ratas Wistar adultas fueron divididas aleatoriamente en cinco grupos. El grupo 1 fue el grupo placebo, de control, en el que las ratas recibieron sólo 0,1 ml de solución salina normal mediante sondas gástricas. Las ratas del grupo 2 recibieron una inyección intraperitoneal de 60 mg / kg de peso corporal de STZ y aquellas con FBS> 250 mg / dl se consideraron diabéticas. En el grupo 3, las ratas diabéticas recibieron insulina (3 U / 100 g de peso corporal) mientras que en los grupos 4 y 5 las ratas diabéticas recibieron 0,1 ml de 200 y 400 mg / kg respectivamente de un extracto etanólico de semillas de Lepidium sativum por gavage diariamente. La próstata se retiró y se pesó antes de transferir a una solución de Bouin para realizar estudios histológicos. La administración de las dosis de 200 y 400 mg / kg de extracto de semilla de Lepidium sativum aumentó la altura del epitelio y disminuyó la densidad volumétrica intersticial y el espesor fibromuscular de la próstata, significativamente. Además, la densidad volumétrica del epitelio fibromuscular, del lumen y el intersticio de los tejidos sufrieron modificaciones significativas. Los resultados sugieren que el extracto de semilla de Lepidium sativum posee efectos beneficiosos como agente protector contra los efectos perjudiciales de la diabetes en el sistema reproductivo de las ratas macho diabéticas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Lepidium sativum/chemistry , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Prostate/drug effects , Organ Size/drug effects , Rats, Wistar , SeedsABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a frequent and serious metabolic illness all over the world and plants have been a desirable source of medicine recently. Diabetes has unpleasant effect on male reproductive system and it may lead to male infertility. It causes erectile dysfunction and reduces ejaculate volume by affecting the health of small blood vessels and the small nerves that control ejaculation and also decreases libido by decreasing testosterone levels. Current study evaluated the possible protective efficiency of Lepidium sativum (Garden cress) seed extract on fasting blood sugar (FBS) and then assessed histopathological change of epididymis in streptozotocine (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. We randomly categorized 50 adult male Wistar rats into five groups (each 10 rats). Group 1 was control placebo group receiving only 0.1 ml normal saline via gastric gavages, Group 2 as control diabetic rats received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of STZ 60 mg/kg body weight. Rats with FBS >250 mg/dl were considered as diabetic. Group 3 were diabetic rats receiving insulin in dose 3U/100 g body weight and Groups 4 and 5 were diabetic rats that received 0.1 cc of 200 and 400 mg/kg, ethanol extract of Lepidium sativum seed by gavages daily. One day after the last gavages, rats were anesthetized by chloroform. Epididymis duct was removed from abdomen and weighed with a digital scale. Afterwards, samples were putted in Bouin's solution for histological measurement. Administration of 200 and 400 mg/ml doses of Lepidium sativum seed extract increased epithelium height and decreased interstitial volume density and fibro muscular thickness significantly. Also, volume density of epithelium, fibro muscular, lumen and interstitial decreased significantly. Tubular and lumen diameter did not change significantly in different groups. It appears Lepidium sativum seed extract is a beneficial protective supplementary agent against adverse effects of diabetes on male reproductive system.
La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad metabólica frecuente y grave que afecta a los hombres en todo el mundo. Recientemente, las plantas han sido una fuente deseable de medicina para este tipo de enfermedad. La diabetes tiene un efecto perjudicial en el sistema reproductivo masculino y puede conducir a la infertilidad. Causa disfunción eréctil y reduce el volumen de la eyaculación al afectar los pequeños vasos sanguíneos y los nervios que controlan la eyaculación. También disminuye la libido reduciendo los niveles de testosterona. El presente estudio evaluó la posible eficacia protectora del extracto de semilla de Lepidium sativum en la glucemia en ayunas y también se evaluó el cambio histopatológico del epidídimo en ratas diabéticas inducidas por estreptozotocina (STZ). Se dividieron aleatoriamente 50 ratas Wistar macho adultas en cinco grupos de 10 ratas cada uno. El grupo 1 recibió 0,1 ml de solución salina normal a través de los gavajes gástricos, el grupo 2 de ratas diabéticas control recibió una inyección intraperitoneal (IP) de STZ 60 mg / kg de peso corporal. Las ratas con FBS> 250 mg / dl se consideraron como diabéticas. El Grupo 3 eran ratas diabéticas que recibieron insulina en dosis de 3 U/ 100 g de peso corporal y los Grupos 4 y 5 estaban compuestos por ratas diabéticas que recibieron 0,1 cc con 200 y 400 mg / kg, de extracto de etanol de semillas de Lepidium sativum por gavajes diarios. Un día después de los últimos gavages, las ratas fueron anestesiadas con cloroformo. Se extrajo el epidídimo y se pesó con una pesa digital. Posteriormente, las muestras se pusieron en solución de Bouin para el estudio histológico. La administración de dosis de 200 y 400 mg / ml de extracto de semilla Lepidium sativum aumentó la altura del epitelio y disminuyó significativamente la densidad volumétrica intersticial y el grosor fibromuscular. Además, la densidad volumétrica del epitelio fibromuscular, lumen e intersticio disminuyeron significativamente. El diámetro tubular y el lumen no cambiaron significativamente en los diferentes grupos. El extracto de semilla de Lepidium sativum es un agente complementario beneficioso protector contra los efectos adversos de la diabetes en el sistema reproductor masculino.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Lepidium sativum/chemistry , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Epididymis/drug effects , Organ Size/drug effects , Seeds , Rats, Wistar , Epididymis/pathologyABSTRACT
Methanolic extracts of different parts of five medicinal plants, Ferula assafoetidaL. resin, Grewia asiaticaL. leaves, Ipomoea hederaceaJacq. seeds, Lepidium sativumL. seeds and Terminalia chebulaRetz. fruits were tested in vitrofor their cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal, nematicidal and anthelmintic activities. Ipomoea hederaceashowed very significant phytotoxic and cytotoxic activity, with 100% inhibition of Lemna minorgrowth and 100% death of Artemia salinaat concentrations of 1000 and 100 µg mL-1. Grewia asiaticaexhibited very weak activities while Lepidium sativumand Ferula assafoetidashowed moderate to good potential in all three bioassays. The results suggest screening of Ipomoea hederaceaseeds further for isolation of bioactive compounds that may be responsible for its toxic potential.
Subject(s)
Animals , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Ferula/chemistry , Grewia/chemistry , Ipomoea/chemistry , Lepidium sativum/chemistry , Pakistan , Plant Extracts/classification , Terminalia/chemistryABSTRACT
Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate diuretic effect of aqueous and methanol extracts of the dried seeds of Lepidium sativum in normal rats. Method: Aqueous and methanol extracts of L. sativum seeds were administered to experimental rats orally at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. Hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/kg) was used as positive control in study. The diuretic effect of the extracts was evaluated by measuring urine volume; sodium and potassium content; conductivity and pH. Result: Urine volume was significantly increased by the two doses of aqueous and methanol extracts in comparison to control group. While the excretion of sodium was also increased by both extracts; potassium excretion was only increased by the aqueous extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg. There was no significant change in the conductivity and pH of urine after administration of the L. sativum extracts. The diuretic effect of the extracts was comparable to that of the reference standard (hydrochlorothiazide) and the methanol had the additional advantage of a potassium-conserving effect. Conclusion: We can conclude that aqueous and methanol extracts of L. sativum produced notable diuretic effect which appeared to be comparable to that produced by the reference diuretic HCTZ. The present study provides a quantitative basis for explaining the folkloric use of L. sativum as a diuretic agent in Moroccan population
Subject(s)
Animal Experimentation , Antidiuretic Agents , Herbal Medicine , Lepidium sativum , MethanolABSTRACT
The levels of four different heavy metals [cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu)] were determined in various vegetables [leek (Allium ampeloprasum), sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)] cultivated around Sanandaj City. The contributions of the vegetables to the daily intake of heavy metals from vegetables were investigated. One hundred samples (20 samples per month) were collected for five months. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of these metals in the vegetables. The average concentrations of each heavy metal regardless of the kind of vegetable for Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd were 13.60 +/- 2.27, 11.50 +/- 2.16, 7.90 +/- 1.05 and 0.31 +/- 0.17 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the above concentrations and the information of National Nutrition and Food Research Institute of Iran, the dietary intake of Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd through vegetable consumption was estimated at 2.96, 2.50, 1.72 and 0.07 mg/day, respectively. It is concluded that the vegetables grown in this region are a health hazard for human consumption.
Subject(s)
Artemisia/chemistry , Environmental Monitoring , Food Contamination/analysis , Humans , Iran , Lepidium sativum/chemistry , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Onions/chemistry , Petroselinum/chemistryABSTRACT
Seventy five adult virgin female Norway rats [60 experimental and 15 controls] were used to evaluate the effect of seeds of three herbs [Fennel, Cumin and Garden cress] on their mammary glands. Experimental animals were fed with these herbs [each type of herb seeds was given to twenty experimental rats] for fourteen days. Rats were sacrificed and mammary gland sections were obtained, stained then morphometrically assessed. Serum prolactin level was performed too. Results revealed that Garden cress seeds are the strongest lactogenic agent among the three. Both Fennel and Cumin seeds were shown to be very weak galactagogues